£50 million of funding has been awarded by the UK National Quantum Technologies Programme, through the Commercialising Quantum Technologies Challenge, to twelve collaborative projects that will bring a range of quantum technologies a step closer to reality.

From developing quantum computers to speed up drug discovery, to creating quantum gas sensors, the projects, which are all led by industry, span the entire quantum sector and range in value from £2.1 million to £9 million.

Summaries of each of the projects can be found below:

Aeon-Rb – £2.5 million

The Aeon-Rb project, led by HCD Research Ltd, has received £2.5 million to develop quantum clocks for super-accurate, super-reliable timing critical for national infrastructure.

At present, much of this infrastructure relies on Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) for a stable clock signal, but these signals are easily disrupted and prolonged GNSS unavailability can lead to vast disruption to critical UK services and economy. The estimated cost of a five-day outage is £5.2 billion.

Many atomic clocks on the market now are too bulky or too expensive and are based on decades-old technology. This project will deliver a new generation of atomic clocks that will address these issues.

Altnaharra: cryoelectronics for quantum circuits – £4.3 million

The £4.3 million Altnaharra project, led by Quantum Motion Technologies Ltd, brings together:

• leading researchers in superconducting, ion trap and spin qubits
• a world-leading cryogenic equipment supplier
• world-leading centre for measurement standards.

The aim is to develop a cryogenic chip for integrated qubit control and readout, manufactured in a standard CMOS foundry.

The development of such a chip is a fundamental enabler for the whole quantum computing community. It is a requirement for creating a quantum processor that can function at near absolute zero will accelerate UK quantum computing development.

Autonomous quantum technologies (AutoQT) – £5.3 million

The autonomous quantum technologies (AutoQT) project, led by River Lane Research Ltd, has received £5.3 million to solve the problem of controlling qubits, the basic building blocks quantum computers need to work. Currently, controlling one or two qubits is the culmination of several years’ research and requires constant delicate attention. However, to be commercially useful, we need to reliably and easily control hundreds or even thousands.

This project will bring together industry leaders in the field of quantum computing to develop different types of qubits and test an intelligent qubit control system. This will involve the use of an artificial intelligence system designed to monitor and tweak the qubits, ensuring optimum performance without continual human input.

Calcium ion frequency standard (CIFS) – £2.1 million

The calcium ion frequency standard (CIFS) project, led by TMD Technologies Ltd, has received £2.1 million to develop a highly accurate trapped ion quantum clock that is much smaller, lighter, more portable and more rugged than current designs. This will make it a much more useable product for many systems and should open up a market for advanced timing devices with a wide range of applications.

Developing an error corrected quantum processor solution for commercial quantum computing – £5.6 million

Universal Quantum Ltd, will work in collaboration with:

• Rolls-Royce, Riverlane
• the Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC) Hartree Centre
• Imperial College London.

The aim is to develop a more robust quantum computing platform that is more accurate and less reliant on cryogenic cooling. Working with Rolls Royce the project will apply the novel computer to key problems in the aerospace industry.

Development of cryo-CMOS to enable the next generation of scalable quantum computers – £4.8 million

Surecore Limited will address the challenges in scaling quantum computer production, including creating electronic technologies compatible with the ultra-cold temperatures quantum computers need to operate.

HYDrogen sensoR for Industry (HYDRI) – £2.5 million

The HYDRI consortium’s HYDrogen sensoR for Industry project, led by BP, has received £2.5 million. The aim is to develop quantum gas sensors critical for the safe rollout of hydrogen as a widely used energy source in domestic, industrial and transportation sectors.

Quantum enhanced computing platform for pharmaceutical R&D (QuPharma) – £4.7 million

The quantum enhanced computing platform for pharmaceutical R&D (QuPharma) project, led by SEEQC UK, has received £4.7 million to revolutionise the drug discovery process by using quantum computing. The aim is to increase the speed and accuracy of drug discovery.

Currently, supercomputers are used to predict and model the effect drugs reducing need for testing. But this is very difficult task, even for the most powerful supercomputer. More than half of the few drugs that enter the phase of human trials, do not get approval for commercial use, with all the effort going to waste.

SEEQC UK will collaborate on the project with:

• Merck
• Riverlane
• Oxford Instruments
• University of Oxford
• the National Quantum Computing Centre
• STFC’s Hartree Centre and Scientific Computing Department.

The quantum data centre of the future – £9 million

ORCA Computing Ltd will research how quantum computing can integrate with the data centres that currently underpin and drive the digital economy.

These data centres are huge system of systems, comprising thousands of components coming from a diverse, global supply chain. To account for the growing amount and complexity of data that needs to be processed these systems are becoming more complex, and quantum systems can help manage and secure this complexity.

Towards a quantum enabled cloud – £3 million

Arqit will lead this project to support the development of quantum-safe encryption technologies for satellite-based communication networks, helping to ensure robust data security in the long term.

Underwater single photon imaging system – £2.7 million

£2.7 million is going to the Sonardyne International-led Underwater single photon imaging system project. It will  use photon detection to create high-resolution 3D maps of the sea floor, supporting:

• installation and operation of offshore wind energy
• asset decommissioning
• environmental monitoring
• defence.

Quantum photonic detection technologies can offer a step change in the resolution, accuracy, coverage, and speed of generation of these maps compared to existing acoustic or traditional imaging solutions.

UpScale: scalable quantum information enabled by integrated optics – £3.1 million

£3.1 million is going to the UpScale project. It will bring together five commercial partners, led by Fraunhofer UK Research Ltd, to develop scalable quantum computing technologies that could revolutionise many industries with applications ranging from drug discovery to supply chain management.